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C. A. BACKSTRQM. GBNTRIFUGAL GRBAMBR.

ITA/ENTER NITED STATES PATENT rtree.

CHARLES AXEL BACKSTROM, OE TRENTON, JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO CHARLES DE BERARD SHEPARD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CENTRIFUGAL CREAM ER.

:SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patenti No. 355,048, dated December 28, 1886.

Application niet March 2, isst.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES AXEL Baons'rRoM, a resident of the city of Trenton, in the county of Mercer and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Creamers or Separators, of which the following is a clear and exact description, and which accompanying drawings illustrate.

Myinvention relates to centrifugal machines of the class in which compound fluids or semiliquids are separated by the action of centrifugal forces, and my improvements have for their objects to provide amachine of a novel, simple, and durable construction that will perform this process more readily and more effectively than has heretofore been accomplished.

To these ends my improvements consist in certain features of construction, hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

I supply the liquids tobe separated through the receiver at the top of the separating-vessel, in which they become partly separated by the action of centrifugal forces, and Yas the separating-vessel is filled the partly-separated ingredients of the liquid enter the coil of tubing placed at the inner periphery of the' separating vessel, where a complete separation gradually takes place, all the heavier ingredients remaining in the coil,while the lighter ones are forced back into the separating vessel Ythrough the number of pipes connected with the coil. In this way lthe fluids are made to remain in the separating-vessel a longer time than in separators heretofore constructed, and it will be possible to accomplish a .complete separation with the separating-vessel running at a speed a great deal less than heretofore has been customary and necessary. The liquids after separation are discharged from the separating-vessel into a case or collector underneath the same by gravity.. i

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical section of the separator, showing in detail the different partscomposing the same and their relation to each other. Fig. 2 is a plan and cross-section at the line x x, showing location of tubing and discharge-orifices.

The vessel A (shown in both figures) is cylindrical horizontally and semi-elliptic vertically,

serial No. 193,725. (No modem and is provided at its bottom, which is fiat, with a short neck, B, down the sides of which the fluids runafter separation.

Z is a driving-spindle, secured to the separating-vessel by means of rivets or in any other suitable manner.

C is a receiver of the liquids, through'which the separating-vessel A is supplied, and is fitted centrally and partially within same, and secured to aprojecting part, Z', of the spindle Z by means of a bolt, Z, in such a manner that it may be readily removed when access tothe separating-vessel is required.

t is a tube, of suitable size, secured to the receiver C, close to the bottom thereof, through which the separating-vessel A is supplied, the vessel C being made very large, so as to hold a large quantity at a time, and thus insure regularity in the feeding of the separatingvessel A.

T is atube of large proportions, bent to conform with the .separating-vessel A, running close to the inner periphery thereof, and provided with a number of short pipes, all in connection therewith and projecting toward the center of the separating-vessel, and all reaching a point where the liquid in the separatingvessel stands permanently, or just outside of this point. l The outer end of this tube T is open, while the lower end, which terminates in the neck B,is closed by an adjustable screw, t2. The advantages gained by this construction are apparent. The fluids will remain in the separating-vessel a longer time, while the apparatus can be of very small proportions and run at less speed than has heretofore been possible. Theheavieriugredientsowthrough the tube T freely and entirely of their owninclination, and as the delivery takes place at the bottom of the separating-vessel they will be removed therefrom by gravity and emptied in a case or collector, D, at the bottom or underneath the separating vessel. Simultaneously with the delivery of the heavier ingredi- IOO D is a collector or condenser of the` sepa-` rated liquids, and is divided by plates D D2 into two or more annular compartments, D3v D4, as the case may require, each compartment being provided with a dct, D5 D", and while the heavier ingredients will enter compartment D3 through the mouth t3, which `is vin close proximity to the partition-plate D, so as to deliver the liquid upon this plate and arrest it in its motion, the lighter ingredients will enter compartment D* through an orifice or slot, k, and a small tube, k, bent in the opposite direction to thatthe separating-vessel is running, said tube k closely iitting a groove or ange, d, in the eXtreme edge of the partitionplate D2, and from which groove the lighter ingredients may run down into the case D in an unbroken state, and not in the form of a fine spray, as in separators heretofore constructed.

R is a frame supporting the operative parts, which frame is mounted upon three elastic supports, r r2 r3, so as to allow the machine to stand free without being secured to the floor by bolts, as has heretofore been necessary. Upon this frame the case D is mounted,and secured thereto permanently.

Vis a bush or bearing,'secured to the frame R, in the usual manner, by means of a flexible ring, w, and a clamp, y, and this bearing simply serves as a guide for the separating-vessel A in the starting of the machine, and is made large enough to allow the spindle to run perfectly free after it has found its center of rotation.

O is the main or driving spindle, to which motion is imparted by a belt running over a grooved pulley, f. The spindle O runs in fixed bearings or bushes, g h, iitted to pockets G H in the frame Rand is supported upon a step, L, screwed into the lower part of the bush h and clampedv by means of a j am-nut, r. The bushes g h are provided with linings g h', the bushes and linings together forming. oil-chambers g2 h2, capable of holding a large quantity of oil, which is allowed gradually to escape through slots g3, cut longitudinally in the linings, said slots being filled with lamp-wick g4, (shown by solid black in the'lower half only of one of the slots 93,) which is constantly rubbing against the rotating spindle, thus insuring a perfect lubrication at all times. Y

The driving-pulley fis fitted to the lower part of the lining g in bush g, on which it rotates freely. The pulley f is provided with a large hub, f, which carries a pin, f', said pin driving the spindle O. This is a most important and valuable feature in my invention, as by this arrangement the spindle Ois allowed to run perfectly free, and is not affected by the pull of the belt sidewise, and in this manner will run for almost anylength of time without perceptible wear, the strain being entirely on the lining g' and bush g: The upper end of the spindle Ois formed into a socket, O', provided with a conical seat, which conforms with the butt on the lower end of the upper spindle, Z,

thus the two spindles, when joined together, forming'virtually but ,one spindle, this arrangementbeing'made possible with the employment y and aid'of a driving-pulley constructed as aforedc'scribed'.

It will be apparent that in the operation of this machine all clogging and obstruction in the removal of the liquids is fully prevented, and a continuous separation may be'carried on for" any length of time All passages and outlets ar-e made very large, and the liquids are removed by gravity.

The walls of the neck are vertical to prevent the lighter liquid from moving otherwise than by gravity. If the walls of the neck were outwardly and A downwardly fiared, as heretofore, the cream would be shot out of the vessel and its fiber broken, which is very objectionable. By means of the neck I provide aplace where I can draw ofi` liquids at any point desired by the action of gravity alone. By extending the spindle and securing the receiving-vessel thereto, the separating-vessel as a whole is strengthened against rupture by high velocity of rotation, as sometimes occurs in this class of machines.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a centrifugal'machine, a separatingvessel, in combination with a coil having branch pipes projecting toward the center of the vessel, substantially as specified, whereby that portion of the liquid having the greater Ioo I specific gravity is by centrifugal force caused to travel along in and to be discharged at the end of the coil, while that portion of the liquid having the lesser specific gravity is caused to emerge from the coil through the branch pipes thereof into the separating-vessel for further treatment.

2. In a centrifugal machine, a separating vessel or chamber contracted vat its bottom to form a neck, in combination with a coil arranged at the greatest inner diameter, and provided with inwardly-projecting branch pipes, and having its discharging-orifice through the neck portion of the vessel, substantially as specified.

3. In a centrifugal machine, a separatingchamber mounted on a spindle, a supply-chamber`arranged at the top of the separatingchamber and removably secured to an exten- 1 s ion of the spindle, substantially as specified.

4. In a centrifugal machine, a separatingvessel contracted to form a neck, and provided with perforations in its bottom, in combina tion with a receiving-vessel arranged beneath the separating-vessel, and with a coil arranged in the separating-vessel above its neck, and provided with inwardly-projecting pipes, and having its dischargeorifice communicating with the receiving-vessel at the neck portion of the separating-vessel, substantially as specified.

5. In a centrifugal machine, the combina- IIO tion, with the separating chamber or vesselA and spindle Z O, and With the frame-Work R, provided with a pair of pockets, of abushing in each of the pockets, a lining in each of the bushings, and a pulley loosely mounted on the upper lining and connected with the spindle by means of a pin projecting into a slot in said spindle, whereby lateral strain of the belt is borne by the bushings and linings, substantially as specified.

6. In a centrifugal machine, a separating chamber or vessel contracted at its bottom to form a neck having vertical Walls, substan tially as specified.

7. In a centrifugal machine for the continuous separation of compound fluids or semi-liquids, vseparating-vessel A, provided with a coil of tubing, T, having a number of pipes, T T2 T3 T4, therewith connected, outlet or mouth ts at the bottom of said vessel, slots K K2 K3, orifice 7c, and pipe k', also in the bottom thereof, in combination with a vessel, C, at the top of the separating-vessel, and a case, D, underneath said vessel, the case D provided with partition-plates D D2, having one or both a groove or flange, d, in the eXtreme edge of said plates, and on which the -liquids may be delivered, all substantially as shown Aand described.

CHARLES AXEL BAOKSTROM.

Vvitnesses:

JOHN C. DIsBRoW, JOHN R. TODD. 

